Travelers on the Arabian Sea often find themselves in Muscat, on the Gulf of Oman. This port capital is situated between ocean and mountains, and boasts lovely beaches, great diving sites (watch for turtles!), 16th-century forts, and the impressive Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque, which can hold 20,000 people.

In the heart of Oman lies Nizwa, a city once considered the country’s capital and a hub of learning and trade. Its iconic round fort, built in the 17th century, remains one of Oman’s most visited landmarks.